Bunaken National Marine Park

Bunaken is part of the Bunaken National Marine Park, which has some of the highest levels of marine biodiversity in the world. Scuba diving attracts many visitors to the island. Bunaken is located at the north of the island of Sulawesi (Celebes), Indonesia. It belongs administratively to the municipality of Manado.

The Bunaken National Marine Park was formally established in 1991 and is among the first of Indonesia's growing system of marine parks. The park covers a total surface area of 890.65 km², 97% of which is overlain by sparkling clear, warm tropical water. The remaining 3% of the park is terrestrial, including the five islands of Bunaken, Manado Tua, Mantehage, Nain and Siladen. Although each of these islands has a special character, it is the aquatic ecosystem that attracts most naturalists.

The waters of Bunaken National Marine Park are extremely deep (1566 m in Manado Bay), clear (up to 35-40 m visibility), refreshing in temperature (27 to 29 °C) Pick any of group of interest - corals, fish, echiniderms or sponges - and the number of families, genera or species is bound to be astonishingly high. For example, 7 of the 8 species of giant clams that occur in the world, occur in Bunaken. The park has around 70 genera of corals; compare this to a mere 10 in Hawaii. Although the exact number of fish species is unknown, it may be slightly higher than in the Philippines, where 2,500 species, or nearly 70% of all fish species known to the Indo-western Pacific, are found.

Oceanic currents may explain, in part, why Bunaken National Marine Park is such a treasure trove of biodiversity. Northeasternly currents generally sweep through the park but abundant counter currents and gyros related to lunar cycles are believed to be a trap for free swimming larvae. This is particularly true on the south side of the crescent-shaped Bunaken Island, lying in the heart of the park. A snorkler or diver in the vicinity of Lekuan or Fukui may spot over 33 species of butterfly fish and numerous types of groupers, damsels, wrasses and gobies. The gobies, smallish fish with bulging eyes and modified fins that allow them to attach to hard surfaces, are the most diverse but least known group of fish in the park.

Biologists believe that the abundance of hard corals is crucial in maintaining the high levels of diversity in the park. Hard corals are the architects of the reefs, without them, numerous marine organisms would be homeless and hungry. Many species of fish are closely associated with particular types of corals (folious, branching, massives, etc.) for shelter and egg-laying. Others, like the enormous Bumphead Parrotfish, Balbometopon muricatum, are "coralivores" and depend on hard corals for their sustenance. Bony mouth parts fused into an impressive "beak" allow these gregarious fish to crunch corals like roasted peanuts.

Some 20,000 people live on the natural resources of Bunaken National Marine Park. Although there are inevitable conflicts between resource protection and use by people, the Indonesian government is taking a fairly unusual and pragmatic approach to park management. The idea is to promote wise resource use while preventing overexploitation. Local communities, government officials, dive resort operators, local nature groups, tourists and scientists have played an active role in developing exclusive zones for diving, wood collection, fishing and other forms of utilization. Bunaken Marine Park has become an important example of how Sulawesi, and the rest of Indonesia, can work to protect its natural resources.

source: wikipedia

image : dephut.go.id

Temple of Prambanan

Ommission of biggest Hindu in Central Java and Area of Istimewa Yogyakarta this located of more than 17 KM eastside go out to sea Yogyakarta. Temple of Prambanan represent temple compleks with mains temple look towards east, with form as a whole look like mount at shadow play as high as 47 M.

Religion of Hindhu recognize Three Murti which consist of Deity of Brahma as The Creator, Deity of Whisnu as The Preserver, Deity of Shiwa as The Pest. Especial Room of mains temple occupied by Deity of SHiwa as the most Deity so that can be concluded that temple of Prambanan represent temple of Shiwa.

Temple of Pramabanan or Temple of Shiwa this also is often conceived of by temple of Roro Jonggrang relate to Legend narrating about a virgin which is Jonggrang ( tall ) Putri Prabu Boko , This King develop;build its empire above hill side south of komplek temple of Prambanan, part of temple edge limited with baluster fence dotted with story relief of Ramayana able to enjoy with berperadaksina ( walk around temple with temple center always on the right we ) passing that alley , story continue at temple baluster fence of Brahma left located ( side south ) mains temple.

Medium at temple baluster fence of Whisnu located right side ( northside ) mains temple, there are story relief of Kresna Dwipayana depicting about tender age story of Prabu Khrisna as penjilmaan ( titisan ) Deity of Whisnu in eradicating murkaan keangkara which will knock over world. Temple mains room looking towards north contain idol of Durga, princess of Deity of Shiwa. but generally society conceive of idol of Roro Jonggrang, that previous of]body live by beautiful putri cursed by Chevalier of Bandung Bondowoso , to equip its readyness create a thousand idol fruit during one night.

Temple of Brahma and temple of Whisnu masing - masing only owning one room , occupied by deity idol - pertinent deity. Third fore part [of] temple of Deity of Trimurti that there are three containing temple of hird vehicle or means of dity, Third that deity nowadays in a state of destroying and only temple which in the middle of ahead of temple of Shiwa what still contain idol a so called lembuyang of Nandi ( vehicle of deity of Shiwa . Idol Goose as vehicle of Brahma and Eagle idol as vehicle of deity of Wishnu estimated first fill room - located temple room before temple both [of] That deity, nowadays have losed is . Sixth of that temple represent group which is facing each other - fore part , lay in a page in form of square , with long side 110 metre. In page;yard still stand up temple - other temple, that is 2 brace temple with height 16 metre which each other looking out on, what is a standing in northside and other stand up in side south, 4 temple of kelir and 4 angle;corner temple.

Page in which is assumed by society of Hindhu as page;yard most this sakral, located in is middle of middle pagewhich have side 222 metre, and in the begining contain temple - temple of perwara counted 224 in line - deret encircle page in three rows ,. External of this middle page still there are external page, which in form of parallelogram with side as long as 390 metre, Temple Komplek of Prambanan woke up by King - king of Wamca ( Dinasty ) Sanjaya at century to 9 and nowadays represent wisata obyek able to visit every day between at 06.00 - 17.30. Temple Komplek of Prambanan located only some hundred metre of roadway of Yogya - Solo which is crowded to be got through by vehicle of public.

source: indonesia.go.id
image : community.iexplore.com